You are hereBlogues / almudena's blog / Cómo provocar un bloque corrupto en BD baseadas en ASM e restaurar con RMAN a nivel de bloque
Cómo provocar un bloque corrupto en BD baseadas en ASM e restaurar con RMAN a nivel de bloque
Detallo a continuación os pasos seguidos para provocar un bloque corrupto unha BD con ASM e levar a cabo unha restauración a nivel de bloque con RMAN. Elo é posible por estar traballando con unha BD Enterprise Edition. Mencionar tamén que se trata dun contorno de test.
1. Creamos tablespace/usuario/táboa e procemento para insertar filas.
14:25:39 SYS@orcl1> create tablespace bad_data_test_acc; Tablespace created. 14:27:32 SYS@orcl1> select file_name, file_id , tablespace_name from dba_data_files 14:27:42 2 where tablespace_name like '%BAD%'; FILE_NAME FILE_ID TABLESPACE_NAME ----------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------- +DATA/orcl/datafile/bad_data_test_acc.342.812469967 12 BAD_DATA_TEST_ACC create user acc identified by ***** default tablespace bad_data_test_acc; create table test (username varchar2(9), password varchar2(6)); DECLARE u VARCHAR2(9); p VARCHAR2(6); BEGIN FOR jump IN 1 ..10000 LOOP u := 'TEST'||jump; p := 'P'||jump; insert into test values (u,p); END LOOP; commit; END; /
2. Quedámonos cos datos que precisaremos para forzar a corrupción dun bloque.
select rowid , to_number(utl_encode.base64_decode(utl_raw.cast_to_raw(lpad(substr(rowid, 1, 6), 8, 'A'))), 'XXXXXXXXXXXX') as objid, to_number(utl_encode.base64_decode(utl_raw.cast_to_raw(lpad(substr(rowid, 7, 3), 4, 'A'))), 'XXXXXX') as filenum, to_number(utl_encode.base64_decode(utl_raw.cast_to_raw(lpad(substr(rowid, 10, 6), 8, 'A'))), 'XXXXXXXXXXXX') as blocknum, to_number(utl_encode.base64_decode(utl_raw.cast_to_raw(lpad(substr(rowid, 16, 3), 4, 'A'))), 'XXXXXX') as rowslot from test where password='P7777' / ROWID OBJID FILENUM BLOCKNUM ROWSLOT ------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- AAARofAAMAAAACeAAr 72223 12 158 43
2. Lanzamos un backup RMAN da BD que contén os últimos datos creados.
3. Poñemos o tablespace offline e pasámolo a fs empregando RMAN para elo.
alter tablespace bad_data_test_acc offline; RMAN> copy datafile 12 to '/tmp/block_corruption/bad_data_01.dbf'; Starting backup at 11/04/2013 14:26:27 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog (...) channel ORA_DISK_7: SID=197 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_8 channel ORA_DISK_8: SID=236 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_9 channel ORA_DISK_9: SID=278 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_10 channel ORA_DISK_10: SID=316 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy input datafile file number=00012 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/bad_data_test_acc.342.812469967 output file name=/tmp/block_corruption/bad_data_01.dbf tag=TAG20130411T142632 RECID=1 STAMP=812471194 channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
4. Forzamos a corrupción no bloque.
[oracle@oracle block_corruption]$ dd if=/tmp/block_corruption/bad_data_01.dbf bs=8k count=158 of=/tmp/block_corruption/bad_data_01.dbf_new 158+0 records in 158+0 records out 1294336 bytes (1.3 MB) copied, 0.00493063 s, 263 MB/s [oracle@oracle block_corruption]$ dd if=/tmp/block_corruption/bad_data_01.dbf bs=8k count=1 >> /tmp/block_corruption/bad_data_01.dbf_new 1+0 records in 1+0 records out 8192 bytes (8.2 kB) copied, 0.000112149 s, 73.0 MB/s [oracle@oracle block_corruption]$ dd if=/tmp/block_corruption/bad_data_01.dbf bs=8k skip=159 >> /tmp/block_corruption/bad_data_01.dbf_new 12642+0 records in 12642+0 records out 103563264 bytes (104 MB) copied, 0.374947 s, 276 MB/s [oracle@oracle block_corruption]$ mv /tmp/block_corruption/bad_data_01.dbf_new /tmp/block_corruption/bad_data_01.dbf
5. Copiamos os datos do datafile de fs a ASM de novo con RMAN.
run { set maxcorrupt for datafile 12 to 2; restore datafile 12 from tag 'TAG20130411T142632'; recover datafile 12; } channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00012 input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=812471194 file name=/tmp/block_corruption/bad_data_01.dbf destination for restore of datafile 00012: +DATA/orcl/datafile/bad_data_test_acc.342.812469967 channel ORA_DISK_1: copied datafile copy of datafile 00012 output file name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/bad_data_test_acc.342.812469967 RECID=0 STAMP=0 Finished restore at 11/04/2013 14:35:41 Starting recover at 11/04/2013 14:35:41 using channel ORA_DISK_1 using channel ORA_DISK_2 using channel ORA_DISK_3 using channel ORA_DISK_4 using channel ORA_DISK_5 using channel ORA_DISK_6 using channel ORA_DISK_7 using channel ORA_DISK_8 using channel ORA_DISK_9 using channel ORA_DISK_10 starting media recovery media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished recover at 11/04/2013 14:35:42
6. Poñemos tablespace online e comprobamos que temos o bloque corrupto.
alter tablespace bad_data_test_acc online; 14:36:39 ACC@orcl1> select * from test where password='P7777'; select * from test where password='P7777' * ERROR at line 1: ORA-01578: ORACLE data block corrupted (file # 12, block # 158) ORA-01110: data file 12: '+DATA/orcl/datafile/bad_data_test_acc.342.812469967' 14:37:38 SYS@orcl1> select * from v$database_block_corruption; FILE# BLOCK# BLOCKS CORRUPTION_CHANGE# CORRUPTIO ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------------ --------- 12 158 1 0 CORRUPT [oracle@oracle log]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Apr 11 14:37:58 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: orcl (DBID=1700599633) RMAN> backup check logical validate tablespace bad_data_test_acc; Starting backup at 11/04/2013 14:38:42 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=471 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2 (...) allocated channel: ORA_DISK_9 channel ORA_DISK_9: SID=236 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_10 channel ORA_DISK_10: SID=278 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00012 name=+DATA/orcl/datafile/bad_data_test_acc.342.812469967 channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 List of Datafiles ================= File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN ---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- 12 OK 1 12641 12800 356051175 File Name: +DATA/orcl/datafile/bad_data_test_acc.342.812469967 Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed ---------- -------------- ---------------- Data 0 27 Index 0 0 Other 0 132 Finished backup at 11/04/2013 14:38:48 RMAN>
7. Restauramos a nivel de bloque con rman.
[oracle@oracle log]$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Apr 11 14:40:36 2013 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: orcl (DBID=1700599633) RMAN> recover datafile 12 block 158; Starting recover at 11/04/2013 14:40:44 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=471 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2 channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=626 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3 channel ORA_DISK_3: SID=665 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_4 channel ORA_DISK_4: SID=939 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_5 channel ORA_DISK_5: SID=120 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_6 channel ORA_DISK_6: SID=159 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_7 channel ORA_DISK_7: SID=198 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_8 channel ORA_DISK_8: SID=236 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_9 channel ORA_DISK_9: SID=278 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_10 channel ORA_DISK_10: SID=316 instance=orcl1 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring block(s) from datafile copy /tmp/block_corruption/bad_data_01.dbf ORA-19587: error occurred reading 8192 bytes at block number 0 ORA-27069: attempt to do I/O beyond the range of the file Additional information: 1 Additional information: 12801 ORA-19600: input file is datafile copy 0 (/tmp/block_corruption/bad_data_01.dbf) failover to previous backup channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring block(s) channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying block(s) to restore from backup set restoring blocks of datafile 00012 channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece +FRA/orcl/backupset/2013_04_11/nnndf0_tag20130411t141520_0.473.812470521 channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=+FRA/orcl/backupset/2013_04_11/nnndf0_tag20130411t141520_0.473.812470521 tag=TAG20130411T141520 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored block(s) from backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: block restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 starting media recovery media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07 Finished recover at 11/04/2013 14:40:58
8. Comprobamos que xa non hai bloques corruptos na BD.
14:42:55 ACC@orcl1> select * from test where password='P7777'; USERNAME PASSWO --------- ------ TEST7777 P7777 14:42:00 ACC@orcl1> select * from v$database_block_corruption; no rows selected 14:42:08 ACC@orcl1> exit
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